5 Axis Machining
What is 5 Axis Machining ？
Five-Axis Machining, a mode of CNC machining, utilizes a right-handed rectangular coordinate system as stipulated by ISO to define the movements of CNC machine tools. The z-axis corresponds with the coordinate axis parallel to the main shaft, while rotation coordinates circling the x, y, and z-axes are labeled as A, B, and C respectively. Movement along each coordinate axis can either be achieved by the worktable or the tool’s motion, but the direction mainly depends on the tool’s relative movement to the workpiece.
Typically, five-axis linkage refers to the linear interpolation movement of any five coordinates among x, y, z, A, B, and C. Put differently, the term ‘five-axis’ signifies three moving axes of x, y, z, supplemented by any additional two rotation axes.
Compared to standard three-axis machining comprising x, y, and z axes, five-axis machining implies that for parts with intricate geometric forms, machining tools need to exhibit positional adaptability and linkage in five degrees of freedom.
Machine tools used in five-axis machining are commonly known as five-axis machine tools or five-axis machining centers. This type of machining is particularly prevalent in the aerospace industry, utilized for processing airframe components, turbine parts, and impellers with freeform surfaces. A significant advantage of five-axis machine tools is their ability to process different sides of the workpiece without necessitating repositioning, thus significantly enhancing the machining efficiency of prismatic components.
The Four Types For 5Axis Maching :
Within the range of horizontal machining centers, five-axis machine tools come in various types, primarily presenting in the following four forms:
- Double Rotary Head Design: This model uses two rotating coordinates to directly dictate the tool axis’s orientation.
- Drooping Rotary Head Form: In this setup, the two coordination axes rest atop the tool. However, the rotary axis isn’t perpendicular to the linear axis.
- Double Turntable Format: Here, both rotating coordinates directly control spatial rotation.
- A combination of one swing and one turn: In this fusion, two rotation coordinates are split, with one on the tool and the other on the workpiece
